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Golf cart
Documentation for the golf cart batteries made by Battkomp AS in 2022-2023 using second life VW e-Golf battery modules.
BH Emotion batteries
BH Easy Motion 36V and 48V batteries: BMS design, repair, and rebuild guiides
Yamaha e-bike batteries
Designing a compatible BMS solution
General knowhow
Some notes for myself or for my colleagues that might benefit you too! :)
E-bike battery guides
Repairs, recells, little tricks we learned along the way.
Shimano BT-E60xx and BT-E80xx
How to repair fuses, how to swap connectors, how to make custom chargers, and how to discharge.
Bosch PowerPacks
First and second generation, recell, CAN communication, chargers
Other batteries
Pallet jacks, chainsaw, surf board, scooter...
Companion board development
Instead of designing a whole new BMS, we just designed a companion board that communicates to the bicycle controller and handles the LEDs.
Companion board development
This project was a commercial failure, but we did get a pretty good companion board going in the end. The software and production files are available on GitHub: https://github.com/gregyedlik/Yamaha-BMS-companion
Bill of materials
Quantity Price per unit w/o MVA VW e-Golf big module 3 2000 Daly 12S 80A BMS, Smart w/ BT 1 700 VW connector 3 10 VW connector pin 13 3 Board, cut and pai...
Prototype building
Cleaning Building The 2nd generation VW modules The smart modules do not show the voltages. It is possible to install a dumb board instead, but need to drill it to be able to screw it in. Pinout of the 10-pin orange connector: 1 T...
Plugs
The original chargers used the Lester 21486 connector. This connector has three pins, and is really smart: Positive Negative Charge enable - AND IT IS SHORTER!!! That way it will only charge if the connector is properly in. It plugs in under t...
Cutting the main boards
The main boards were made of 18mm thick pine boards cut on a CNC mill at Fellesverkstedet. Painted to conserve. Design Implementation
BMS settings
The BMS is a Daly Smart BMS with Bluetooth, Li-ion 12S 80A. One must connect to the BMS via the smartphone app to set the settings and enable the BMS. To be able to connect, you might need to press the button on the bluetooth puck first: It is located on...
Troubleshooting
You find yourself with one of these batteries and it just doesn't work? Let's go step by step. You will need a smartphone, a multimeter, and a paper notebook to take notes of the steps and measurements you take. The battery must be worked on with a feeling of ...
Concept
Problem The car originally had 6 pcs of 8V deep cycle lead acid batteries: Trojan T875. They are 170Ah nominal capacity wet batteries. Apparently the size is a standard for golf carts: BCI Group Size: GC2 - Dimensions: Length: 10.27” (261mm); Width: 7.10” (1...
VW e-Golf modules, 2nd generation, 111 Ah
Small module Pinout: B1 = pin 7 B2 = pin 3 Temp1 = pin 6 Temp 2 = pin 1 There is no ground, no B-!!! Big smart module The big modules also have just one temperature sensor. The one I saw had 3 connectors: One black towards temp sensors One ...
Avoiding hangups
Problem description We see that the smart SOC boards can 'hang up' either by themselves, or if touched inappropriately. If the factory boot loader is installed, you see that the LED blinks super quickly when a hangup happens. If there is no bootloader, it can...
Basic idea: SoC indication hack
The BMS makes a 0-10V signal, that is interpreted by the display as state-of-charge in a linear way: 0V -> 0% 5V ->50% 10V -> 100% The bike does not assist if the SOC is 0. With no signal B2 as SOC signal Bad reading of course, but the bike wo...
Troubleshooting: Output oscillations
The SOC output had a lot of noise on it, causing the displayed percentage on the display to move up and down. First, it was discovered that a capacitor on the active filter was incorrectly selected - 0.1 uF instead of 1 uF. Changing that to 47uF reduced the n...
Brose BH hack
Mapping the pins Compared to black: only noise everywhere Compared to brown: Orange: 9.72V! Yellow: CAN signal, but negative! Compared to red: lotsa noisy crap It is a CAN signal, 250 kb/s. Yellow: CAN-L Brown: CAN-H Decoding CA...
DC/DC converter and LDO evaluation
The single most expensive components in our boards are the RECOM DC/DC converters. 55 kr/pcs. Our requirements: Input voltage up to 60V Output current maximum 50 mA Very low minimum current consumption - ideally below 50 uA Output voltage 3.3V or 5V or ...
Finding the PCB connectors
For the very final version of the BH board, we need to integrate all connectors that make it compatible with the peripherals of every battery sub-version, which have been classified as green PCB, white PCB or curved version. Then, female headers we have are: ...
Interface pinouts
Flat with white BMS board Orange wire No GND path to the connector, then no NTC taken to the charger 48V version Correspondent pin: Notch side starting from down, the first. 36V version Careful here. No orange wire, it is the white one! Apparentl...
Flat 36V batteries with green 'sandwich' BMS
These BMSs have the LEDs and the button built in, not on a separate board - making our life more difficult. The white BMS's LED board could fit into these - but unfortunately there are no screw holes. Glueing is not a good idea, because: If you mess up...
Installing the v6 board
Three known problems The ZXTR2012Z voltage regulator cannot handle the battery voltage suddenly appearing on its input without an external current limiting resistor. Any resistor would be fine, I used 1k in a 1206 package. The voltage divider of the sen...
Initial planning for companion boards
One tiny board of 4 cm times 2 cm with 3 terminals: Battery positive Battery negative SOC output signal 0-10V The output is referred to the battery negative, and is a piecewise linear interpolation that approximates the discharge curve. Filtering T...
Test procedure for early prototypes
After assembly, each board needs to be tested and approved before it may be used in a battery. The testing must be done immediately after assembly. It should take no more than a minute to test a board once the setup is in place. Gain test Set up the multim...
Troubleshooting broken companion boards
Three boards 76, failed in Stale's battery in the field - does not run LEDs, SOC output is wrong 99, exhibits wrong SOC value 100, exhibits wrong SOC value Nr. 99 At 37.03V input from the PSU, the scope measures 8.42V @ SOC 11.95V @ 12V 3.38V @ ...